Step 1: Design your pc board using a computer CAD program.

    OR: use layout tape, donuts and a resist ink pen.  For the photo method, do
            the layout on clear film/acetate.  For the direct (1 board) method, apply
            the layout tape, donuts, and ink directly to a clean copper board.

   Step 2: For the photo method, print or copy the design onto a transparency.
                If you are using a negative acting board, use reversing film to make
                a working negative from your positive artwork.

    Step 3: For the photo method, place the proper mask over a pre-sensitized
                 pc board.  Press the two together with a contact frame or a defect-free
                 piece of glass.

    Step 4: For the photo method, use fluorescent lights or UV fluorescent lights
                 to expose the board.  Tray develop the board.

     After develop, the board will have an image of the circuit layout that you
     wish to create.  The colored areas are resist and the copper areas are
     exposed copper metal.  A direct layout board will look similar to a photo
     board at this point.

    Step 5: Etch the board in Ferric Chloride, Ammonium Persulphate or
                 Sodium Persulphate.  You can etch in a tray or use a fancy
                 etcher like the WaveMaster.  The photos show the WaveMaster
                 etching with Ammonium Persulphate.

     Step 6: Make sure that all of the excess copper has been removed.
                  Rinse the board and dry it.  The photo shows a post-etch board.

      Step 7: Use a drill press setup and 1/8" shank drill bits to drill all the holes.

    Step 8: Remove the resist by soaking the board in developer for a long
                 time.  Remove the board and rinse.  For the direct method, use
                 Denatured Alcohol to remove the tape, donuts and ink.

                                                         (no photo)

    Step 9: The board is now ready for stuffing and soldering!